![]() This is a reinforcing filler which, when incorporated into the tire rubber compound, gives it a high resistance to wear. Side or lateral force generated when a tire rolls with camber, which can add to or subtract from the side force a tire generates. The camber angle is adjusted to keep the outside tires flat on the ground during a turn. It is virtually impenetrable to water and air.Ī wheel's inward or outward tilt from vertical, measured in degrees. Synthetic rubber used to create today's tires. The tires slide against, instead of grip, the road surface. The measurement is used in selecting the proper wheel for replacement.Ī technique practiced by drag racers and road testers to improve their off-the-line acceleration applying the brake and throttle at the same time, increasing the engine rpm until release of the brake.Ī term used to describe a loss of traction when negotiating a curve or when accelerating from a standing start. The diameter of an imaginary circle drawn through the center of each lug nut hole and then measured from two holes that are directly across from each other. Cords are most commonly made from steel but may also be made from fiberglass, rayon, nylon, polyester or other fabrics.Ī type of tire with crossed layers of ply cord running diagonally to the center line of the tread. Two sidewall plies wrapped around each bead wire in opposite directions providing lateral stability but flex to absorb road irregularities.Ī rubber-coated layer of cords that is located between the body plies and the tread. Responsible for transferring propulsion and braking torque from the wheel rim to the road surface contact area. Inside, there is a round hoop of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by body ply cords, that clamps the tire firmly against the wheel rim.Ī key component of the tire that is the contact point between the tire and the wheel, designed to withstand forces the wheel puts on the tire during mounting as well as the dynamic forces of driving and braking. The section of the tire that sits on the wheel. To correct an imbalance, a trained mechanic will add weights on the interior or exterior of the wheel. The state in which a tire and wheel spin with all their weight distributed equally. The inside shoulder has more grooves for water evacuation and massive tread blocks on the outside shoulder make for maximum handling. The relationship of a tire's sidewall height to its section width.ĭifferent tread patterns featured on either side of the tread that enhance and optimize performance for both wet and dry handling. Also called hydroplaning.Ī synthetic fabric used in some tires that is (pound-for-pound) stronger than steel. At this point, the vehicle is skimming on the water surface and is completely out of control. Indicates the tire's ability to provide a balance of traction in wet, dry, and light to moderate snow conditions.Īn advanced silica-based winter rubber compound that helps provide flexibility where the tread surface makes contact with the road.Īn extremely dangerous situation where water builds up in front of the tires resulting in the tires losing contact with the road surface. Tires that provide a good balance of traction in moderate rain or light to moderate snow with good tread life and a comfortable, quiet ride. Tires that deliver a measure of traction on light snow without sacrificing dry performance driving capabilities. When all wheels on the vehicle are adjusted so that they are pointed in the optimum direction relative to the road and each other. Check you air pressure monthly, as some air loss occurs over time. The amount of air inside the tire pressing outward on each square inch of tire, which is expressed in pounds per square inch (psi) or kiloPascals (kPa), the metric designation for air pressure.įormulated with virtually impermeable butyl rubber, this material replaces the inner tube in modern, tubeless tires.
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